1970年3月5日，Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons（《核不擴散條約》）正式生效。

該條約於冷戰高峰期談判達成，目的是防止核武器擴散、推動和平利用核能，並促進全球核裁軍。

條約將締約國分為「擁核國家」與「無核國家」。無核國家承諾不發展核武器，而擁核國家則承諾推動裁軍進程，並在國際監督機制下協助和平核能技術的發展。

隨著越來越多國家加入，《核不擴散條約》成為歷史上最廣泛接受的軍備控制協議之一，亦是全球核治理體系的基石。

儘管核裁軍與遵約問題至今仍存爭議，但1970年3月5日標誌著國際社會在降低核戰風險方面邁出了關鍵一步。

English Article Version

On March 5, 1970, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), officially entered into force.

Negotiated during the height of the Cold War, the treaty was designed to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, promote peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and advance the goal of nuclear disarmament.

The NPT created a framework dividing states into nuclear-weapon states and non-nuclear-weapon states. Non-nuclear states agreed not to pursue nuclear weapons, while nuclear-armed states committed to working toward disarmament and facilitating access to peaceful nuclear technology under safeguards.

Over time, the treaty became one of the most widely adopted arms control agreements in history, forming the cornerstone of global nuclear governance.

Although debates over compliance and disarmament continue, March 5, 1970 marked a significant step toward reducing the risk of nuclear conflict in an era defined by geopolitical tension.